Which of the following is NOT a location of EU institutions?

Amsterdam is not a location of the major EU institutions that are specifically identified as their official headquarters. The European Union primarily conducts its main operations from Brussels, which houses several key institutions, including the European Commission and the European Council. Strasbourg is known for hosting the European Parliament and holding its plenary sessions there. Luxembourg City is home to the Court of Justice of the European Union and other administrative bodies.

While Amsterdam does play a role in the EU's history and has some agencies, it is not one of the main cities where the primary EU institutions are located or where their critical functions are executed. This distinguishes it clearly from Brussels, Strasbourg, and Luxembourg City, which are central to the operation and governance of the European Union.